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Often referred to as “ringing in the ears” or “head noise,” subjective tinnitus is perceived sounds in one or both ears with no external sound present. Tinnitus is not a disease, but a symptom of some underlying health condition.

Talking Tinnitus: The Five Ws and How to Get Help

Why Is Tinnitus Treatment Important?

Tinnitus affects hundreds of millions of adults throughout the world. A major systematic review estimated that more than 740 million adults experience tinnitus and that more than 120 million consider it a major problem.

United States research has estimated that approximately 10 percent of adults experienced tinnitus during the previous 12 months. Among those affected, some reported nearly constant symptoms or symptoms lasting longer than 15 years.

Despite misleading advertisements promoting miracle cures, reputable treatment options can reduce the effect tinnitus has on daily life.

Tinnitus prevalence and treatment information

What Is Tinnitus?

Tinnitus is commonly described as ringing in the ears or head noise. Subjective tinnitus involves hearing a sound in one or both ears when no outside source is producing it.

Tinnitus is not a disease itself. It is a symptom that may be associated with an underlying hearing or health condition. In many cases, tinnitus reflects the auditory system’s response to changes or damage involving the ear and hearing pathways.

Common Tinnitus Sounds

  • Ringing.
  • Buzzing.
  • Hissing.
  • Humming.
  • Whistling.
  • Clicking.
  • Roaring.
  • Pulsing or beating.
Common symptoms and descriptions of tinnitus

Who Has an Increased Risk of Tinnitus?

Tinnitus can affect anyone, but certain people may have a greater risk. These can include people with hearing loss, older adults, men, smokers and people with specific medical or noise exposure histories.

Tinnitus Risk Factors May Include:

  • Acute or long term exposure to loud noise.
  • Employment in industrial or construction settings.
  • Military service.
  • Playing or performing loud music.
  • Depression or anxiety.
  • Head or neck cancer.
  • Traumatic brain injury.
  • Cardiovascular disease or high blood pressure.
  • Some medications and medical treatments.

Where Does Tinnitus Come From?

Although tinnitus may be heard in the ears, researchers believe many forms involve activity in the brain networks that process sound.

The auditory system converts sound into electrical signals that the brain recognizes. When hearing changes or sensory hair cells are damaged, the brain may attempt to adapt to reduced or altered sound input.

This process is sometimes compared with chronic pain that continues after an injury has healed. Neural circuits may become increasingly sensitive, producing or emphasizing a sound perception without an external source.

Changes in auditory signaling may also interact with the limbic system, which is involved in emotional responses. This may help explain why tinnitus can trigger stress, fear, frustration or sadness.

How tinnitus may involve the ears, auditory pathways and brain

When Should Someone Seek Help for Tinnitus?

People with bothersome or persistent symptoms should seek professional evaluation. Earlier attention can help identify possible causes and establish an appropriate treatment plan.

It is important to distinguish tinnitus from hearing loss. Hearing loss reduces access to outside sounds and conversations. Tinnitus creates a sound perception that other people cannot hear.

This private nature can make tinnitus especially frustrating. Friends and family may not fully understand the effect it has on concentration, sleep, work, communication or daily enjoyment.

Empathy and support from loved ones can make a meaningful difference.

Seek Prompt Medical Attention If Tinnitus:

  • Begins suddenly.
  • Occurs with sudden hearing loss.
  • Is present in only one ear.
  • Follows a head injury.
  • Pulses in time with your heartbeat.
  • Occurs with severe dizziness, weakness or neurological symptoms.
  • Causes severe emotional distress or thoughts of self harm.

How Can People With Tinnitus Find Relief?

There is no single treatment that works for every person. Effective care begins with a professional evaluation of hearing, tinnitus symptoms and relevant medical history.

Most people with tinnitus also have some degree of hearing loss. In addition to improving communication, hearing aids may reduce awareness of tinnitus by increasing access to surrounding sounds.

When the brain receives more external sound, its attention may be drawn away from internal head noise. The tinnitus may become less noticeable when it is no longer heard against silence.

For many people with tinnitus, silence is not golden.

Possible Tinnitus Management Strategies

  • Professionally fitted hearing aids when hearing loss is present.
  • Sound enrichment or sound therapy.
  • Education about tinnitus and its possible causes.
  • Healthy sleep practices.
  • Stress management.
  • Counseling or cognitive behavioral approaches.
  • Protection from hazardous noise without avoiding ordinary sound.
  • Medical evaluation when symptoms suggest an underlying condition.

Good Humor, Healthy Hearing

While we take your hearing care seriously, a little laughter goes a long way.

Good Humor, Healthy Hearing feature about tinnitus

Understanding Tinnitus Habituation

Habituation is the process by which a person’s physical or emotional response to a repeated stimulus gradually decreases.

Tinnitus habituation does not necessarily eliminate the sound. The goal is to retrain the brain so the tinnitus receives less attention and produces a weaker emotional response.

Over time, a person may become less aware of tinnitus and less distressed by it.

Learn About the Four Stages of Habituation

You Do Not Have to Manage Tinnitus Alone

If you or a loved one is struggling with tinnitus, professional guidance can provide hope and direction.

In coordination with other medical professionals, Focus Hearing can assess hearing, discuss tinnitus symptoms and recommend appropriate treatment options. The goal is to reduce the effect tinnitus has on communication, sleep, emotional health and daily activities.

If someone tells you that you simply have to live with tinnitus, remember that management options are available. Ask what can be done.

Is tinnitus affecting your sleep, concentration or quality of life?

Schedule a professional hearing and tinnitus evaluation with Focus Hearing.

Contact Focus Hearing

Research sources:

Jarach CM, Lugo A, Scala M and colleagues. Global Prevalence and Incidence of Tinnitus: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis. JAMA Neurology. 2022;79(9):888 to 900.

Bhatt JM, Lin HW, Bhattacharyya N. Prevalence, Severity, Exposures and Treatment Patterns of Tinnitus in the United States. JAMA Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. 2016;142(10):959 to 965.

This information is provided for general educational purposes. Please speak with a physician or hearing care professional about individual symptoms. Seek immediate help if tinnitus is accompanied by sudden hearing loss, neurological symptoms or thoughts of self harm.

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